The Hebrew language of the manuscripts from the Dead Sea is one of the most important witness of the Hebrew of the pre-Masoretic period. The present study attempts to determine the Hebrew language from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD, using as representatives a literary text from the Dead Sea, the catena manuscript 4Q Testimonium 175, and a letter document from the Bar Kosiba correspondence, hMur 46: the first positioned more in the practice of the language tradition of Hebrew sacred texts, and the other more in the language of the Hebrew school, administration and lingua franca of the time, both manuscripts are from the Judean region and show anchoring in Jewish society without evidently occupying a special position, and both show in their own way an orthography and language contact together and with the contemporary Aramaic language. The vocabulary, the formation of forms as well as syntactic phenomena are to a large extent also those of the Aramaic contemporaneous dialect of the Judean region, or they are consciously in opposition to it. This linguistic study of the intricacies of the Hebrew language conducted by the bipolar view from Aramaic to Hebrew and vice versa is giving us an essential insight into the character and essence of the pre-Masoretic Hebrew and leads us also to a better understanding of the Masoretic Hebrew language system in its recitation form and as a witness of ancient language traditions.