In both national movements, Zionist as well as Palestinian, nationalized gender roles were closely tied to the aim of realizing one’s vision of a national homeland. A “masculine” man – resolute, potent and possessing fighting skills – and a “feminine” woman – fertile, beautiful and with equal rights – were seen as that which would revive the nation. By defining the national self, the dissociation from the “Other”, who stands outside the collective, is of inevitable importance. Throughout the violent development of the Middle East conflict, both parties saw the other side as personifying that “Other” who poses an existential threat to one’s own national rights. Interestingly, the image of the German “Nazi” came to play an important role in Israeli and Palestinian accusations of each other. This paper explores the conflict from a gender perspective and argues for a better understanding of the involved “enemies” by evaluating gendered national images.